雅思大作文词伙整理。关于大作文的考试话题，我简单规整为了以下八大类Topic，基本涵盖了全部相关的命题，并附上了常用表达，非常实用，也很容易记忆。掌握以下80%的词伙，再搭配一点写作技巧，大作文可以很轻松的。
　　当然，如果时间充裕的话，平时也可以多积累一些，简便方法：
　　1.优先推荐购买阅读以上两位老师的两本写作书(绿皮 棕皮)，可以集中地熏陶训练；
　　2.平时China Daily等新闻类公众号也会帮你梳理一些词伙，比如有关于Alipay的报道，你就可以学到Economy话题相关的词汇，比如mobile wallet(移动钱包)、retail market(零售市场)等，你也可以选择其他自己喜欢平台(扇贝、流利说、可可英语等)去做日常阅读。
　　Family
　　the contact with parents will decline
　　the emothional tie will suffer
　　keep up to the date with family issues/the news about their family
　　have an adverse effect on
　　(weaken) the family relationships
　　respond to emotional needs of other family members
　　Heal/Age
　　pour more money in the medical system
　　have an adverse effect on econimic development
　　more likely to contact heart diseases
　　traditional dishes/cuisine may vanish
　　the fast PACe of life
　　irregular working hours
　　an againg population
　　healthcare costs will increase
　　impose a burden on taxpayers
　　have a conservative attitude towards
　　launch awareness compaigns
　　introduce laws
　　adopt a number of approached
　　tighten regulations on
　　(adopt) a healthy lifestyle
　　reduce life expectancy
　　self-discipline
　　Success/ Education/ Job
　　theoredical knowLEDge
　　gain a full understanding of/ have a good understanding of
　　improve problem-solving ablities/ critical thinking skills
　　exercise creative potential
　　broaden people's minds
　　contribute extraordinarily to soceiety
　　gain a series of accomplishment
　　empower them to push forward the boundaries of knowledge
　　threaten social stability
　　influence/improve productivity
　　lay out/dismiss/fire
　　unpredictable factors
　　students' personal situation should be considered
　　students from low income families/ families of higher socioeconimic status
　　children/languase/adertisement
　　should be restrictied or even banned
　　put low income familied into pressure
　　book of educational value
　　stifle children's creativity
　　develop good behaviour patterns from a young age
　　behave in a socially acceptable way
　　strict discipline
　　enable people to overcome language barriers
　　have a good command of English
　　dominant language/ minority language
　　lifestyles, values and beliefs
　　inernational conferences/academic groUPS
　　improve academic performance/skills
　　incease practical experiences
　　commercial
　　help improve living standards of consumers
　　steal the market share from local companies
　　self-contained economy
　　bankruptcy
　　upgrade skills to meet the requirements of
　　keep pace with the changes of workplace
　　increase earnings
　　sharpen their skills
　　adapt to an ever-changing world
　　cope with financial matters
　　environment
　　has become a threat to environment
　　dispose of rubbish
　　in an environmentally friendly way
　　environmentally conscious in waste management
　　seperate rubbish
　　pay extra fees
　　in respective rubbish bins
　　colour-coded recycling bins
　　educate the public about
　　cause pollution, contaminate water and damage the environment
　　plastic bottles/bags
　　investment in/incease facilities
　　lack environmental awareness
　　have a destructive effect on the environment
　　raise environmental awareness
　　crime/law
　　inpose(vt. 强制执行) sentences
　　commit serious offences/minor crimes
　　pose a threat to
　　laws refer to the rules imposed on human beings
　　maintain order
　　restrict freedom
　　a sense of security
　　traffic regulations
　　traffic congestions
　　follow social rules
　　fight crime
　　harsh penalty
　　sentenced to prison/imprisonment
　　prospective offenders
　　habitual offenders (惯犯)
　　motivated by self-interest
　　obey laws and social norms
　　contribute to social progress
　　live in harmony
　　build a prosperous society
　　social phemenon
　　improve living standards
　　enjoy a better quality of life
　　have easy access to public services/public facilities
　　put huge pressure on housing/facilities
　　traffic congestions
　　moral principles and behavioiur norms
　　have a moral compass
　　social responsibilities/rules
　　give priority to essencial services and infrustructures
　　budget surplus(n. 盈余)
　　visually attractive
　　exposure to artworks can...
　　have a direct impact on...
　　bring tangible(adj. 切实的, 实在的) benefits to
　　electricty supply networks
　　look at the underlying issues/ foucus on the root problems
　　talor a solution
　　achieve world peace/ reduce violence
　　focus on the root problems
　　become more involved in
　　aggressive and tough
　　pipulation explosion/expansion
　　impose a tax
　　fuel-effcient vehicles
　　「小彩蛋」
　　这里再附上个人比较喜欢用的几个「开头结尾句式」供参考。
　　请不要像四六级考试一样直接去套用，大作文一定要「慎重审题」后选择自己合适的表达。
　　people always have different views about...(论述类)
　　XXX is widely accepted as a method to...(观点类)
　　As the world is increasingly globalised(都可以)
　　In this rapidly changing world(都可以)
　　XXX has improved, possibly because of improvements in...
　　Although...I do not agree that... is a good idea
　　The top priority is...which can lead to...
　　On the other hand, we need to admit that...XXX are also essencial to...
　　To conclude/summarise, XXX is one effective way to...but XXX are equally important.(观点类)
　　In a word, XXX has accounted for... solutions these problems include...(报告类)
　　In my view...(论述类)