gre写作Argument的开头写法与注意事项

　　Argument的开头段可以程式化设计。这样既可以节省时间，又可以确保质童。大体说来，考生在开头段可以用三到四个句子表达三层意思:
　　1.简洁地复述原文中的结论或主张；
　　2.归纳原论述的似设和/或论据（可以既谈假设又谈论据。也可以只谈假设，或只谈论据）；
　　3.指出原文论证中的问题。
　　根据这几点要求。也针对题库中题目的特点，我们可以用下面给出的几种写作套路来展开开头段的写作:

　　1）The argument is well-presented, but not thoroughly well-reasoned. By…， the argument…seems logical.

　　2） The conclusion in this argument is that… This recommendation is based on the observation that…
　　Meanwhile, the arguer assumes that… This argument is problematic for several reasons.

　　3） In this analysis, the arguer concludes that… To support this conclusion, the arguer cites the result of a recent survey that… Moreover, the arguer points out that…As it stands, the argument suffers from several critical flaws as follows…

　　4） The arguer attempts to convince us that… The major assumptions underlying this argument are… While this argument has some merits, several critical flaws seriously undermine the line of reasoning.

　　5） The author concludes that… To support the conclusion, the author reasons that…The author also points out that… However, several logical fallacies seriously weaken / undermine / cast doubts on the validity of the reasoning, making/rendering the argument highly suspect.

　　6） In this argument, the arguer recommends that …To justify the conclusion, the arguer points out that …In addition, the arguer assumes that / reasons山at/cites the example of / cites the result of a recent study that… A careful examination of this argument would reveal how groundless it is.

　　7） In this argument, the arguer cites the evidence that…， based on which he assumes that …Another piece of evidence presented to support the argument is that …In addition, the arguer takes it for granted that …Hence the arguer draws the conclusion that …This argument is vulnerable in several aspects.

　　8） Merely dependent on a series of unwarranted assumptions and dubious evidence, the author comes to the
　　conclusion that… On the surface, the argument appears to be somewhat logical, however, this alone neither provides compelling evidence to make the argument sound nor presents a logical argument in favor of the conclusion.

　　为了使开头的方式更加多变。考生应当熟记下面的这些关键词，并达到能灵活运用的程度。这样，在练习
　　或考试时。只要结合题目对某些词进行替换。就能打造出属于自己的开头模板。
　　.rest on, depend on, rely on, be based on
　　.however, nevertheless, nonetheless
　　.additionally, in addition, moreover, furthermore
　　.unacceptable, unconvincing, unpersuasive
　　.ungrounded/groundless, unfounde，unwarranted
　　.unsound, weak, unsubstantiated, flimsy, flawed, faulty, fallacious, fallible, erroneous
　　.doubtful, dubious, doubtable, dubitable, suspicious, suspect
　　.problematic, questionable

　　考生在写开头段时，一定要注意以下三点:
　　1.复述原题信息要简洁、准确和客观；
　　2.在归纳原题信息时尽可能用自己的句式和词汇。但为了能准确表达原文的惫思。核心词汇可以保留；
　　3.复述原题基本信息时保留原题的时态。分析性动词（对于原文作者的批驳和攻击）用一般现在时，这是全文的基本时态。

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