学习导引：
　　1. 第一遍听：获取报道的主要内容。
　　2. 第二遍听：对照文本和解释，弄清楚自己没听明白的地方，是什么原因使然，比如，生词障碍？连读？弱读？失音？背景知识缺乏？……
　　4.第四遍听：边听，边跟读模仿，改进自己的语音、语调。
　　In an effort to encourage the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, or North Korea, to dismantle its nuclear weapons program, the United Nations Security Council last year passed Resolution 2375, which imposes sanctions on North Korea.
　　The United States is determined to strictly implement this Resolution.
　　“Members of the UN Security Council, and by extension all UN member-states, have unanimously agreed to fully enforce sanctions on North Korea, and we expect them to continue to honor those commitments,” said Secretary of State Mike Pompeo:
　　“When sanctions are not enforced, the prospects for the successful denuclearization are diminished. Right now, North Korea is illegally smuggling petroleum products into the country at a level that far exceeds the quotas established by the United Nations. These illegal ship-to-ship transfers are the most prominent means by which this is happening.”
　　On August 21, the U.S. Department of the Treasury issued sanctions against two Russian shipping companies for the transfer of refined petroleum products to North Korean vessels and six vessels associated with those firms. The sanctions are pursuant to Executive Order 13810 of September 21, 2017, which targets persons involved in the ship-to-ship transfer of refined petroleum products with North Korea-flagged vessels, an activity expressly prohibited by the UN Security Council.
　　The two companies are Primorye Maritime Logistics Co. Ltd. and Gudzon Shipping Co LLC. Both are based in the Russian port of Vladivostok. Among the six Russian-flagged sanctioned vessels is the Patriot, which conducted two ship-to-ship transfers of oil in early 2018: 1,500 tons to the North Korea-flagged vessel Chong Rim 2 and another 2,000 tons to the North Korea-flagged ship Chon Ma San. The buyer was the Taesong Bank, a North Korean entity that has previously been sanctioned by both the U.S. and the UN.
　　“Ship-to-ship transfers with North Korea-flagged vessels from Russia or elsewhere of any goods being supplied, sold, or transferred to or from [North Korea] are prohibited under the U.N. Security Council resolutions on North Korea and are sanctionable under U.S. law,”said Secretary of the Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin in a written statement.
　　“Consequences for violating these sanctions will remain in place until we have achieved the final, fully verified denuclearization of North Korea.”
　　Words in This Story
　　sanction：n. an official order, such as the stopping of trade, that is taken against a country in order to make it obey international law 制裁
　　Many nations have imposed sanctions on the country because of its attacks on its own people.
　　Trade/economic sanctions will only be lifted (= stopped) when the aggressor nation withdraws its troops.
　　v. to impose a sanction on; penalize, especially by way of discipline
　　But how does this fact prove that the Bible does not sanction slavery
　　Consider: sanctionable
　　dismantle: to get rid of a system or organization, usually over a period of time 废除
　　Over the next three years, we will be gradually dismantling the company and selling off the profitable units.
　　Unions accuse the government of dismantling the National Health Service.
　　honor those commitments：坚守承诺
　　denuclearization：无核化
　　Consider: nuclear->nuclearize->denuclearize->denuclearization
　　quota: 限额；配额
　　vessel：船；舰
　　be pursuant to：依据；按照
　　The terms of any licenses granted pursuant to this document may include defensive suspension rights.
　　根据本文件提供的许可条款可以包括防御性终止许可的权利。
　　expressly: in a way that is clear 明显地；明确地
　　I expressly told you to be home by midnight.
　　entity: something that exists apart from other things, having its own independent existence 实体；独立存在体
　　The museums work closely together, but are separate legal entities.
　　这些博物馆密切合作，但它们都是独立的法人实体。
　　He regarded the north of the country as a separate cultural entity.
　　他把这个国家的北部地区视为一个独立的文化实体。
　　Consequences for violating these sanctions will remain in place: 违反这些制裁的后果，将会一直处在它们应有的，亦即正确的，的位置。也就是说，违反这些制裁，将会受到惩罚。
　　in place: If something is in place, it is in its usual or correct position. 处于通常（或正确）的位置
　　The chairs are all in place.
　　椅子都摆在合适的地方。
　　He screwed the shelf in place.
　　他把架子钉在合适的位置。